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Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

Glycosylated Haemoglobin(HBA1C) 5.7 % Non-diabetic adults>=18 years <5.7
At risk (Pre-diabetes) 5.7-6.4
Diagnosing Diabetes >=6.5
Therapeutic goals for glycemic control
Age> 19 years:< 7
For Age< 19 year:< 7.5


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Mean Blood Glucose 116.89 mg/dl
Sample Type : EDTA Whole Blood.
Method : High-performance liquid chromatogrphy.

Interpretations: Since HbA1c reflects long term fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration, a diabetic patient who is recently under good control may still have a high concentration of HbA1c. Converse is true for a diabetic previously under good control but now poorly controlled . Target goals of < 7.0 % may be beneficial in patients with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy and no significant cardiovascular disease. In patients with significant complications of diabetes, limited life expectancy or extensive co-morbid conditions, targeting a goal of < 7.0 % may not be appropriate. Comments: HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 8 - 12 weeks and is a much better indicator of long term glycemic control as compared to blood and urinary glucose determinations Disclaimer: The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. Improper specimen collection, handling, storage and transportation may result in false negative/Positive results. Disclaimer : 1) The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. 2) Improper specimen collection, handling, storage and transportation may result in false negative/Positive results.

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Liver Function Test (LFT)
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

Bilirubin - Total 0.36 mg/dl 0.3 - 1.2
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Diazonium Salt.
Bilirubin-Direct 0.11 mg/dl 0 - 0.3
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Diazonium Salt.
Bilirubin-Indirect 0.25 mg/dl
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Calculated.
Protein - Total 8.19 g/dl 6.4 - 8.3
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Biuret.
Albumin 4.15 g/dl 3.5 - 5.2
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : BCG Colorimetric.
Globulin 4.04 g/dl
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Calculated.
Albumin/Globulin Ratio 1.03 --
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Calculated.
SGOT / AST (Aspartate Transaminase) 19.2 U/L 0 - 32
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : NADH(without p-5-p) OR IFCC.
Liver Function Test (LFT)
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

SGPT / ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) 16.9 U/L 0 - 33
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : NADH(without p-5-p) OR IFCC.
Alkaline Phosphatase 94 U/L 122 - 469
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : PNP Kinetic.
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Test (GGT) 14 U/L 5 - 36
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : Enzymatic Colorimetric.
Liver Function Test (LFT)

•Disclaimer : 1) The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. •Clinical Significance : i) Total protein: Total protein includes albumin and other proteins in the blood. Abnormal levels may indicate liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or inflammation. ii) Albumin: Serum albumin is a protein produced by the liver and found in the blood. It serves various functions in the body, and its levels are often measured as part of routine blood tests. The clinical significance of serum albumin lies in its role as a marker of nutritional status, liver function, and overall health. iii) Globulin: Serum globulin is a term used to describe the total amount of globulin proteins in the blood. Globulins are one of the two main types of proteins found in blood plasma, the other being albumin. Globulins consist of various subclasses, including alpha, beta, and gamma globulins, each with specific functions. The clinical significance of serum globulin levels lies in their association with various health conditions and their role in immune function. iv) Alkaline phosphatase: Alkaline Phosphatase is present in the liver, bile ducts, and bone. Elevated levels may indicate liver or bone disorders. In the liver, increased Alkaline Phosphatase may be associated with conditions such as obstructive jaundice or liver tumors. v) SGOT / AST (Aspartate Transaminase): Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), also known as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), is an enzyme found primarily in the liver cells. It plays a crucial role in the conversion of alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to pyruvate and glutamate. The clinical significance of SGPT lies in its use as a marker for liver health and function. Conditions such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver tumors can lead to increased SGPT levels. vi) SGPT / ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase): SGOT, also termed as Aspartate transferase (AST) is one of the liver enzymes measured in routine blood tests. Elevated SGOT levels may indicate liver damage or dysfunction. However, it's important to note that SGOT is not specific to the liver, and elevations can also occur in conditions affecting other organs, such as the heart or skeletal muscles. Elevated SGOT levels may be observed in conditions affecting the heart, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) or congestive heart failure. vii) Gamma Glutamyl Transferase: GGT is found in the liver, bile ducts, and other tissues. Elevated GGT levels can indicate liver and bile duct issues. GGT is often used to assess alcohol-related liver disease and cholestasis (impaired bile flow). viii) Bilirubin: Bilirubin is mainly a breakdown product of haemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochrome etc. It includes direct and indirect bilirubin. Direct bilirubin is raised in case of liver disease and indirect bilirubin is increased in case increased RBC breakdown such as hemolysis, post transfusion reaction.

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Ultra Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

ULTRA Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) 3.98 uIU/mL 0.27 - 4.2
Frist trimester: 0.3- 4.5
Second trimester : 0.5 -4.6
Third trimester : 0.8 -5.2
• Sample Type : Serum.
• Method : ECLIA.

• Comments : - TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2 - 4.a.m. and at a minimum between 6-10 pm . - The variation is of the order of 50% , hence time of the day has influence on the measured serum TSH concentrations. • Clinical Use : - Diagnose Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism. - Monitor T4 replacement or T4 suppressive therapy. - Quanitify TSH levels in the subnormal range. • Increased Levels : Primary hypothyroidism, Subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH dependent Hyperthyroidism Thyroid hormone resistance. • Decreased Levels : Graves disease, Autonomous thyroid hormone secretion, TSH deficiency. • References : - Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management, 23rd edition. - Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, 7th edition. •Disclaimer: 1) The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinicalfindings and other laboratory markers. 2) Improper specimen collection, handling,storage and transportation may result in false negative/Positive results.

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