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Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

Glycosylated Haemoglobin(HBA1C) 5.3 % Non-diabetic adults>=18 years <5.7
At risk (Pre-diabetes) 5.7-6.4
Diagnosing Diabetes >=6.5
Therapeutic goals for glycemic control
Age> 19 years:< 7
For Age< 19 year:< 7.5


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Mean Blood Glucose 105.41 mg/dl
Sample Type : EDTA Whole Blood.
Method : High-performance liquid chromatogrphy.

Interpretations: Since HbA1c reflects long term fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration, a diabetic patient who is recently under good control may still have a high concentration of HbA1c. Converse is true for a diabetic previously under good control but now poorly controlled . Target goals of < 7.0 % may be beneficial in patients with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy and no significant cardiovascular disease. In patients with significant complications of diabetes, limited life expectancy or extensive co-morbid conditions, targeting a goal of < 7.0 % may not be appropriate. Comments: HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 8 - 12 weeks and is a much better indicator of long term glycemic control as compared to blood and urinary glucose determinations Disclaimer: The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. Improper specimen collection, handling, storage and transportation may result in false negative/Positive results. Disclaimer : 1) The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. 2) Improper specimen collection, handling, storage and transportation may result in false negative/Positive results.

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Lipid Profile
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

Cholesterol - Total 193.5 mg/dl 0 - 239
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: CHOD-PAP.
Triglycerides 159 mg/dl Normal : < 150
Borderline : 150 - 199
High : 200 - 499
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: GPO-PAP/Enzymatic Colorimetric.
Cholesterol HDL Direct 49 mg/dl 40 - 60
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: Direct method / Enzymatic colorimetric.
Cholesterol LDL Direct 112.7 mg/dl Optimal: < 100
Near or above optimal: 100 -129
Borderline high : 130 -159
High : 160 -189
Very high : > 190
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: Calculated.
VLDL-Cholesterol 31.8 mg/dl 0 - 30
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: Calculated.
Cholesterol/HDL Ratio 3.95 mg/dl 3.5 - 5
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: Calculated.
Lipid Profile
Investigation Result Units Biological Reference Interval

LDL/HDL Ratio 2.3 mg/dl 2.5 - 3.5
• Sample Type: Serum.
• Method: Calculated.

• Disclaimer : 1) The above result relate only to the specimens received and tested in laboratory and should be always correlate with clinical findings and other laboratory markers. Clinical Significance: i) Cholesterol Total: Cholesterol is a fatty substance that is essential for building cell membranes and producing certain hormones. Elevated total cholesterol levels can contribute to the formation of plaques in the arteries, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. ii) Triglycerides: Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. High triglycerides are often seen in conjunction with other risk factors, such as obesity and insulin resistance. iii) Cholesterol HDL: High Density Lipoprotein: HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because higher levels are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. HDL helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream. iv) Cholesterol LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein: LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because high levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Lowering LDL cholesterol is a primary goal in cardiovascular risk management. v) VLDL-Cholesterol: VLDL cholesterol, or very low density lipoprotein, is a type of cholesterol that can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. vi) Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Ratio: The cholesterol ratio, often expressed as the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, is a useful measure in assessing cardiovascular risk. This ratio provides additional insights into the balance between "good" and "bad" cholesterol and is considered a valuable tool in predicting the risk of heart disease. vii) LDL/HDL Ratio: The ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to low-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is an important indicator of risk for heart disease and stroke.

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